Search results for "Scientific reasoning"

Correlation and Truth

2013

The concept of correlation is the building block of almost any Bayesian attempt to capture or explicate any interesting aspect of scientific reasoning in terms of probabilities. This paper discusses one particularly simple correlation measure which is highly significant for almost any such attempt within the philosophy of science or epistemology. In particular, it shows how this correlation measure is related to central attempts to capture essential aspects of scientific reasoning such as confirmation, coherence, and the explanatory power of hypotheses. This intimate connection between correlation and scientific reasoning necessitates answering the question of how correlation and truth are …

Efectos de la formación académica y del género sobre las destrezas de razonamiento científico de los estudiantes de secundaria: un estudio piloto

2022

Resumen En este estudio se intenta determinar el nivel de las habilidades de razonamiento científico de los estudiantes de educación secundaria y analizar la influencia de la formación académica y del género sobre dichas habilidades. También se pretende conocer las habilidades que presentan mayor dificultad para estos estudiantes. Han participado 122 estudiantes españoles de cuatro niveles académicos diferentes entre 8º y 11º grado (edades entre 13 y 17 años) a los que se ha administrado el cuestionario de habilidades de razonamiento científico propuesto por Hanson (2016). De las puntuaciones obtenidas en el cuestionario y del ANOVA realizado puede concluirse que: a) el nivel medio de habil…

Correction to: Measuring Scientific Reasoning Competencies

2021

Visual cues improve students’ understanding of divergence and curl: Evidence from eye movements during reading and problem solving

2019

The coordination of multiple external representations is important for learning, but yet a difficult task for students, requiring instructional support. The subject in this study covers a typical relation in physics between abstract mathematical equations (definitions of divergence and curl) and a visual representation (vector field plot). To support the connection across both representations, two instructions with written explanations, equations, and visual representations (differing only in the presence of visual cues) were designed and their impact on students’ performance was tested. We captured students’ eye movements while they processed the written instruction and solved subsequent c…

Developmental processes in Adulthood - European Research Perspectives

2003

The main objective of this Special European Issue is to investigate some topical aspects of recent research on adult development in Europe. More specifically, the issue offers a detailed discussion of questions involved in complex forms of adult cognition, scientific thinking, responses to the demands of everyday life, the effects of various life events on well-being, and the construction of an integrated model of the cognitive, social, and personality domains. Theo- retically, the articles are based on various viewpoints such as the neo-Piagetian perspectives on thinking, although others have connections with the Vygotskian approach to learning. In conclusion, we assert that the developmen…

Relations between representational consistency, conceptual understanding of the force concept, and scientific reasoning

2012

Previous physics education research has raised the question of “hidden variables” behind students’ success in learning certain concepts. In the context of the force concept, it has been suggested that students’ reasoning ability is one such variable. Strong positive correlations between students’ preinstruction scores for reasoning ability (measured by Lawson’s Classroom Test of Scientific Reasoning) and their learning of forces [measured by the Force Concept Inventory (FCI)] have been reported in high school and university introductory courses. However, there is no published research concerning the relation between students’ ability to interpret multiple representations consistently (i.e.,…